Can I get a witness?

Here at The Ceramic Shop, we receive calls on a daily basis from customers who have a very wide variety of firing issues. Below, a few examples:

"My glazes don't look right."

"One shelf of my work is bisqued, but one barely looks fired at all."

"The colors burned out of my decals."

And so on. We're always happy to help you troubleshoot -- particularly when it comes to the tricky world of firing issues! -- but when we get these questions, regardless of the source of the woes being clays, glazes, decals, or something else entirely, we usually start with the same question:

"What do your witness cones look like?"

More often than not, the voice on the other end of the phone line goes silent, before confessing that no, there weren't any witness cones in the firing. And with that, we can offer a few suggestions, but our true ability to troubleshoot is hobbled by this oversight. We wind up telling customers the same thing: Try the same firing again, this time with witness cones -- THEN, we might be able to tell you more. 

 Sorry, man. 

I just need more than you can give.

With the proliferation of digitally-operated kilns, it's very easy to rely on what seems to be a 'high-tech' set-up to gauge the overall atmosphere inside of your kiln. And hey, we've all done witness-cone-free firings ourselves! We know how that goes -- you load up your kiln with the same bisque configuration that you've done 30 times before and just let the digital program run or the sitter cone drop. And honestly, most of the time, that works just fine -- but it's not a great practice. Because when something does go wrong -- and as a kiln is a piece of equipment with finite capabilities, at some point, it will -- pinpointing exactly what your issue may be will be that much more convoluted. Keeping witness cones in all of your firings can also point to problems as they develop -- issues that you might not notice until they become, well, bad. Here's an example:

Say you have a kiln with a digital controller. The kiln has four elements, and they're all brand-new. You have nothing to worry about, right? Those elements will last through a great many firings! So you bisque and glaze your work using the pre-set programs on your kiln, and everything looks fine. Your work is properly bisqued and your glazes are coming out with similar results from the top of the kiln to the bottom. Why bother taking the extra step to place a witness cone on each shelf, right?

Then one day, you bisque a piece for a friend. Let's say this friend isn't the most talented sculptor; let's say they made something a little on the heavy side. You let it dry, you set a cautionary pre-heat on your kiln, but still, when you press that 'start' button, your fingers are crossed.

Two days later, you open the kiln to a ceramic massacre. Little bits of (now-fired) sherds are just everywhere; aside from the central explosion, you can see clay has been flung far and wide in your kiln, with several little chunks becoming embedded in your elements. Yikes. You call your friend and break the news through gritted teeth, and then you get to work cleaning your kiln. You sweep up the busted pieces, and then you thoroughly vacuum everything -- floor, elements, all of it. Maybe you cry for a minute. Once the mess is cleaned, though, you do your best to forget it.

A few more firings happen. Everything seems fine.

Finally, breakdown occurs. You open a glaze firing, and three out of your four shelves look fine. The fourth, however, is just an underfired, chalky mess. How could this happen? Your elements are practically new!! Is this just a one-time firing hiccup, or is there a larger underlying problem, like a busted relay or a faulty control panel? Oh, if only you had a way to just know!

If you had been placing cones in your kiln all along, you probably would have noticed the cone closest to the (now-busted) element appearing less melted with each subsequent firing. This would have been your first clue about the nature of the issue -- clearly, you had an element that was weakening. In this case, maybe a little fragment of your friend's long-ago busted pottery went unnoticed, nestled against that element, causing a hot spot to develop with each subsequent firing until it eventually led to the failure of the element. 

Granted, this is a pretty specific scenario, but the funny thing is, many of the cases we encounter here at The Ceramic Shop are. And while that doesn't necessarily mean that all kiln issues are totally avoidable, using witness cones can give you one giant clue as to what, exactly, needs tweaking on your kiln. In our firings, we like to use Orton's self-supporting cones -- they stand up on their own, so they are very easy to just pop on each shelf of your kiln. 

If you do have any questions about your kiln, or firings of any kind, we're happy to answer them! Give us a call at 215-427-9665, and one of our talented techs will be happy to chat. You can also email any technical questions to myself at gina@theceramicshop.com, or send them to our head tech Rachel at rachel@theceramicshop.com.

Cone 6 never looked so cool!

The Ceramic Shop is excited to now carry the very latest from Coyote Clay & Color – a new line of specialty slow-cool cone 6 glazes! By adding a controlled cooling to a typical cone 6 firing, these rich glazes produce dynamic, crystalled surfaces – results that can be quite difficult to obtain, especially when using commercial glazes. Coyote has you covered, though, with their new series!

These new crystal glazes do not run or seed and can also be fired right along with your other cone 6 glazes, so you’ll have no worries about loading a special kiln just for these finishes. You will, however, need to program a special slow cool segment into your firing program – consult your kiln’s operation manual and use the following program:

Ramps: 5

Ramp 1: 100/hour to 220 (this preheat ramp is optional)

Ramp 2: 350/hour to 2000

Ramp 3: 150/hour to 2200, hold 15 minutes

Ramp 4: 500/hour to 2150, hold for 15 minutes

Ramp 5: 125/hour to 1400

Please keep in mind that thermocouples tend to vary slightly, so you may need to tweak the top temperature for your kiln. Your witness cone 5 should be all the way down, and the witness cone six should be from halfway over to the tip even with the base (between cone 5 1/2 and 6), cone seven should be mostly straight.

Coyote currently offers seven different glazes, with plans on expanding the series even more, so keep an eye out on our website for new offerings. Here are some samples:

 MBG160 Ivory Crystal

 MBG161 Crystal Celadon

 MBG162 Crystal Lagoon 

MBG170 Autumn Spice 

 MBG171 Mars Iron Red

 MBG172 Light Gold 

MBG173 Summer Spice

The Ceramic Shop currently offers these glazes in several different amounts, as well – you can choose from wet-mixed pints, 1-gallon pails, or 3-gallon pails, or if you prefer to mix your own, we also sell dry glaze in 10-lb. and 25-lb. amounts. These options are all available on each glaze’s pull-down menu. Questions? Don’t hesitate to give us a call at 215-427-9665.

Kiln Furniture for the Ages

If you’ve ever loaded a kiln of work glazes on all sides, or if you’ve worked in a clay classroom with small children and have been concerned about the glaze on their work running and sticking to kiln shelves, chances are you’ve used kiln supports produced by us here in Philadelphia. That’s right, The Ceramic Shop is more than just a supplier of your favorite studio and classroom supplies – we also have a full production set-up where we make a wide variety of kiln supports, furniture, and posts under the Roselli name. The Ceramic Shop acquired the company in 2006, and ever since then we’ve been producing stilts of all shapes and sizes.

One thing that I’ve always loved about ceramics is how anything that makes it through a firing is rendered permanent – that means that the work that you put in there, as well as the stilts or furniture that you might use to support it, both have the same chance of existing somewhere in the archaeological record down the line. Of course, the history and permanence of the material is something that gets a lot of mention in ceramics-focused art curricula; it’s often the nice stuff that students and artists get to see, though.  The stilts and the furniture survive over time, too, and even though looking at that might not pack quite the punch of, say, taking in some amazing Greek vases, it still tells us a lot about how ceramics have been made over time. I love working for a place that contributes to this side of the ceramic record -- largely unseen to many but absolutely necessary.

Last summer, I took a trip just outside of Rome, Italy. The town of Arezzo was a beautiful little place that was largely built up in medieval times, but it had been established much, much earlier – it had actually been the production center of fancy glazed tablewares in Roman days, so business there had been established in roughly the 1^st century BCE -- over 2,000 years ago. There, archaeological excavations (that took place in the parking lot of a church, nonetheless!) uncovered a large-scale production studio, and you can check out all of the goodies they dug up in the town’s museum.

Much of the museum was filled with awesome, detailed press-molds that had been used to make fancy bowls and plates:

 The small press molds on the top shelf were made for handle additions; 

the bowl forms on the bottom made fancy, red-glossed tablewares.

However, a lot of the archaeological remains they found in excavations were pieces of kiln furniture – primarily, wheel-thrown donut-like spacers to separate glazed wares in a kiln, and stilts, very much like the ones produced by The Ceramic Shop today. Imagine my surprise when I looked into a display case and saw a 2,000-year-old version of a stilt we make. Here’s a picture:

Ancient tri-point stilts

Compare this to our own double-pointed stilts – it’s amazing how the design of this piece of furniture has not functionally changed in over two millennia! Here are a couple images of the stilts that we produce:

Stilts by Roselli. Unintentionally SUPER retro.

Seeing two objects made so far apart, in both time and distance, served as a very solid reminder as to just how permanent the ceramics process is.

The production studio for our modern stilts can be seen in our North Philadelphia showroom; if you’ve stopped by and never had the chance to check it out, just ask one of the employees the next time you’re in and we’ll be glad to give you a peek at production. It’s kind of cool to think that you can see a process that has been unchanged in so many ways over such a long time! Hope you enjoyed the history lesson, and I’ll leave you with one final image from my trip – a display of ancient potter’s tools, mainly made of copper, ivory, and bone.

You're making me blush!

Oh, wild and wandering copper carbonate, why must you create such a ruckus inside of a kiln during a glaze firing? Why can't you just stay put, happy to be suspended within a glaze matrix?

If I sound a little weirdly poetic, my apologies - I'm just always astounded by how much copper (and other colorants) can move during the firing process. Have you ever cracked a glaze kiln and noticed that the glaze on one piece has seemingly cause the glaze on a different piece to blush, or turn a different color? Yeah, that's not just in your head -- that's pretty much exactly what happened. And copper, it seems, is a particularly guilty party to this. Here's a great sample that we just pulled out of a kiln that demonstrates just how intense blushing can affect your glazes:

They were so much alike, until the tile on the right had a run-in with some errant copper.

So believe it or not, the two tiles posted are the exact same glaze - The Ceramic Shop's Cotton Candy, to be exact. This is a light pink translucent glaze - but that's clearly not what the tile on the right has going on.  THAT tile was placed next to a copper-heavy glaze test in the kiln, and it caused enough blow-off during firing that copper deposited on the surface of this tile, reacting as the green colorant that it is, overpowering the pink colorants and turning the whole test a pretty decent shade of green. Kind of shocking how legit this looks - like a classic celadon! However, if that is NOT the look you're going for, blushing can be quite the surprise when you unload your kiln. A note about the firing -- these results occurred in a Cone 6 electric firing, but blushing can easily happen in reduction firings, too.

Avoiding this effect is pretty easy, though -- if you have any green glazes, make an effort to fire them on a shelf together. Light- or white-colored glazes, as well as translucent and transparent glazes, are particularly susceptible to blushing, too, so just keep those away from their over-friendly coppery counterparts in a kiln and you should be all set.

Just as we love to see examples of your work with our glazes, we also love to see your weird experiments and glaze tests, too! Got any good blushing stories? Send them along as we'll post them on our FaceBook page.

Hello, summer!

Or, how to maintain your studio practice when you no longer have a studio... 

 Goths on the beach. Yay summer!

At The Ceramic Shop, we deal with schools of all kinds -- from elementary art programs to university ceramic departments, we spend much of the academic year servicing these programs in Philadelphia and beyond. When school ends for the year, though -- no matter if it's college or pre-K -- ceramic work doesn't have to stop, even if you no longer have access to your school's art studios. We often speak with students who aren't always sure about how to proceed with continuing to make work without a kiln, or a large array of glazes, or that ever-abundant studio clay.  Granted, that's one aspect of ceramics that can, indeed, be difficult -- your work and progress can be so access-dependent. Well, many of us on The Ceramic Shop staff have been there, and as such, we have plenty of suggestions for keeping your practice alive during those moths when school is out.

In the first place, keep an open mind here -- you may have to get creative! Luckily, if you're embedded in the arts, you probably ARE creative, so that part won't be hard. Also, be willing to alter or expand your practice to materials/spaces/scales/etc. Below, I've posted a quick guide to products, home-studio suggestions, and resources (focused on Philly, because that's where we're located) for the ceramic artist on summer sabbatical. 

1. Consider using materials that do NOT need to be fired.

This Marblex self-hardening clay is just one of several self-hardening clays that we offer -- in general, these are air-drying clays with a decent working time, and once they SRE dried, you can paint or sand them. As its name suggests, Marblex is fairly hard, which makes it a durable choice for the artist who may be used to working with hearty fired clays. This clay in particular is nice for jewelry, beads, smaller sculptural works, and other projects, and it comes in a 2-lb. block. Check out our other self-hardening clays here. (Look for products labeled 'self-hardening'.)

Depending on the kind of work you typically make, you may hit some limitations here -- if functional wares are your thing, self-hardening clays really aren't the best materials. Also, if you work on a larger scale and are accustomed to purchasing clay in the standard 25- or 50-lb. bag or box, self-hardening agenst are sold in smaller amounts -- usually 2-5 lbs. However, if your goal is to keep your hands busy during the summer months, it's a decent solution.

2. Catch up on your mold-making.

This, of course, only really applies if you use molds in your work, or plan to use molds, but the summertime is a wonderful time to build up your mold library. Even if you have a small space in which to work, you will be able to make some small sprig molds, which can be used to apply ceramic decorations to pottery once you re-gain access to a studio. We actually carry several already-made sprig molds, just to give you an idea of what they look like:

The mold pictured here is by Creative Paradise -- check out their other molds here.

Mold-making supplies can be reasonable affordable, depending on the type of mold you'd like to make; a spring mold like the one pictures above requires a fairly minimal amount of materials, though. First, you need something you want to cast -- I went through a big kick a few years ago where I made spring molds out of all of my old pencil toppers from the '80's, and now those creepy little plastic figures are committed to clay, permanently. Next, you need some No. 1 Pottery Plaster. This is a very fine-grained plaster that we sell by the pound or the full bag, and it's great for capturing tiny details on small (or large!) objects.  You will also need a clay that can work as a bed or a base for your mold. If you have any clay laying around -- say, reclaim-level stuff, as the mold-making process may leave plaster chunks in your clay, making it unusable -- you can use that. You can also use plasticine, which also serves as a sealant for when you pour your plaster into the mold. Hey, we sell that too! I like this stuff.

You will also need something to pour your mold into -- for smaller projects, a tiny Tupperware-style container is usually fine. As far as further directions for mold-making are concerned, that's a whole 'nother can of worms -- and there are, of course, several resources available online. There's a great quick video tutorial from Ceramic Arts Daily -- you may have to register (for free) for the website to view, but it's worth it. Check it out here.

3. Re-fill your brain bank

Making good ceramic work isn't just about doing, of course -- it's also about reading, looking, and learning. Being 'forced' out of a studio for the summer can be a great opportunity to use a different part of your brain moreso than you might when your hands are constantly in clay. Have you been particularly resistant to, say, learning about glaze chemistry? It might be easy to brush that off when you have access to a studio -- after all, you have to take advantage of that time, right?!? No studio means no excuses! Be hard on yourself in the nicest possible way. And, hey, it's summer after all, which means that in many parts of the world it is AWESOME outside. Catch up on your reading in the great outdoors! 

At The Ceramic Shop, we stay stocked with ceramics-focused books covering a wide variety of topics -- from the technical to the aesthetic, beef up your clay library here.

4. Temporarily join a new art space

It can be really easy to get super comfortable in your school-based studio set-up, but one really wonderful thing about the ceramics community is this: No matter where you hang your clay-encrusted hat, chances are there will be like-minded people who are also just as interested in 

Resources for this suggestion vary quite widely from region to region, but here in Philadelphia, for example, I can lay out what a temporary studio join might look like. One of the most awesome resources that we have in town here is The Clay Studio. This is a ceramics education-based nonprofit here in town that offers a VERY wide range of classes and workshops. In the summer, programming is expanded to offer even more options for both adults and children of all ages. Registering for a wheelthrowing, moldmaking, or handbuilding class comes with studio access -- and a great reason to hang out with brand-new studio pals. 

If class when school is out isn't really your thing, though, and if you just want studio access, plain and simple, The Clay Studio does also offer studio rentals, which can be a nice solutions for your summer productivity.

Although The Clay Studio is kind of the cream of the crop, plenty of local art centers and community centers feature ceramics departments that may have similar summertime offerings -- check out the resources in your area to see what's out there. In my experience, the people you tend to meet in these settings are an incredibly varied group -- from my own days in community studios, I have friends that I have NOTHING in common with aside from a mutual love of clay -- and that's pretty awesome.

5. Really can't stand to be away from a kiln? If you're in Philly, use our firing service!

That's right. Sometimes, you just need a kiln. Maybe you have the time and space to continue your ceramic production but you don't have a place to fire work. If you're in the Philadelphia area, come to us! We have several different kiln sizes in which to fit your work, and we can carry out any type of oxidation firing you may need, from decal to high-fire cone 10. Check out our firing services details here and please feel free to give us a call at 215-427-9665 if you have any questions at all about how we can help you to finish your work. 

So there you have it -- these are just a few suggestions to help you stay creative during the summer downtime months. If you've found some tricks that work for you during times when studio access might be limited or non-existent, we would love to hear from you! In the meantime -- stay cool!

In ceramics, zero DOES have value!

This blog post is intended for anyone new to the field of ceramics and pottery - it's just a quick explanation of how to interpret cone-speak. 

When I first got into pottery, I have to admit that a very specific (yet very important!) corner of pottery jargon tripped me up -- the use of the word 'cone' to describe heat accumulation. I seem to recall thinking that saying you fired a kiln to cone 6 was kind of like asking someone the time and having them tell you 'banana'. Until I understood cone calibration, there was just a total disconnect between the words and the meaning.

So why the blog post? To reiterate a very important point that is VERY important to those new to ceramics to grasp -- that Cone 06 and Cone 6 are NOT the same thing.  See that '0'? That makes all the difference, and this blog post explains why.

In the first place, a cone is exactly what it sounds like - a small, cone-shaped object that is made from ceramic materials that have been formulated to melt or slump at a particular accumulation of heat -- here, heat being the interaction of temperature and time. These cones have been assigned standardized numbers that correspond to a particular accumulation of heat. 

Self-supporting cones, sold in boxes of 50.

These cones bend when they melt, which tells you - the person firing the kiln - just how hot the kiln is inside. Cone 06 (say it like 'cone oh six) melts at 1830 degrees F when fired at a rate of 150 degrees per hour, where cone 6 (say it 'cone six') melts at a higher temperature - 2232 degrees F - when fired at the same rate. So, there IS a significant difference as indicated by the inclusion of that '0'.

 

The slumped cone of the left is a Cone 08, which melts at a lower point than 

Cone 06 (center) and Cone 8 (right) 

So that all makes sense, right? Basic concept, basic explanation -- so why dedicate a whole blog post to this? Well, one funny thing about the commercial ceramic industry is the fact that many clays and glazes tend to be formulated for two very popular firing ranges -- Cone 06, and Cone 6. 

For anyone who works in the low-fire clay and/or glaze range, that roughly translates to Cone 06. Popular low-fire glaze lines, like Mayco Stroke & Coats, Duncan's Pure Brilliance clear glazes, and Amaco's Liquid Gloss series are all formulated to be fired around Cone 06. 

Another very popular firing range is mid-range, or right around Cone 6. Amaco's Potter's Choice line, for example, is a pretty well-known mid-range line. 

So while it's just sort of an interesting coincidence that the two cone ranges that happen to be standards within the industry sound an awful lot alike, it does need to be mentioned again that 'Cone 06' and 'Cone 6' are NOT interchangable! If you fire a low-fire (or, say, something in the Cone 06 range) clay or glaze at a mid-range (Cone 6) temperature, you run the risk of drastically OVER-firing (and likely ruining) your work. You'll see low-fire clays slump and melt when too much heat is applied; low-fire glazes can run right off of your piece and even wreck your kiln shelving!

Check out the image above, taken from Joe Kowalczyk's Adventures in Kiln Repair blog. That disgusting mass you see up there is actually over-fired clay -- yep, that's what can happen when you muddle '06' and '6'. Yikes!

Mixing up the cones in the opposite direction is not typically quite so destructive, but you can still end up with a lot of weird-looking pottery. When you fire a mid-range glaze intended for Cone 6 at a much lower temperature, like Cone 06, you UNDER-fire your pots. This can result in chalky, un-vitrified surfaces that are often just not very attractive.

This example of underfired work comes from the blog Paul the Potter. See how the surfaces are dull and chalky? Because the kiln didn't get hot enough to melt the glassy elements in the glaze that would form a slick, gloss surface, the end result just looks kind of unfinished. Classic underfiring -- and pretty much what you might expect when you place a Cone 6 glaze in a Cone 06 firing (although, it should be noted, the image above was the result of a much more nebulous firing issue). Of course, with under-fired work, you can always just re-fire it at the proper range, but it's still a net loss of time and energy.

So! In conclusion, know your firing ranges for the clays and glazes you use. Know that the small '0' you see on glaze instructions should definitely not be ignored! Know there is a difference between the low-range Cone 06 and the mid-range Cone 6. I'll leave you with a handy, techy-looking firing chart, so this post looks even more official:

Same glaze, different clays

Because we're always trying to improve the products that we make here at The Ceramic Shop, we tend to do a lot of testing. Whether we're developing the perfect wax products or finessing our glaze offerings, the more we know about our our items, the more information we can pass on to you.

One question that we get VERY frequently is a very general inquiry: 'Why doesn't the glaze on my piece look like the tile/chip/picture?' This is a question that spans glaze firing temperatures, brands, application methods...name the variable, and it has come up when we field this question.  However, in many cases, the answer is quite direct -- the base upon which you put your glaze (whether you dip, paint, or spray) will have a major effect on how your glaze turns out.

To demonstrate just how intensely your claybody can affect your final  glaze outcome, we've tested our Cone 6 Professional glaze line on four different claybodies that represent a good swath of the claybody color spectrum. We narrowed down our testing on the following claybodies:

1. Standard 365, a cone 6 grolleg porcelain.

2. Standard 240, a white cone 6 stoneware -- as white stonewares do not tend to be as crisp and bright as porcelains, we thought it would be good to show them side-by-side.

3. Standard 259, a buff  cone 4-10 stoneware -- this is a stoneware that can actually get pretty toasty in reduction, but in oxidation it remains a mid-toned tan/brown color -- and a great deal of stonewares will fall into this general color range. 

4. Standard 266, a dark brown cone 4-6 stoneware.  This is definitely on the darker end of the claybody color spectrum -- and that color is delivered by various oxides that exist in the claybody. I mention this as you peruse through our results because you will notice that the examples of glazes on this claybody in particular feature some pretty drastic results -- that is a direct result of all of the 'stuff' (er....oxides and colorants) that are in this clay, and impart their qualities to objects that come into direct chemical contact with them, such as a glaze coat.

  

OK!  So, onward with our test results...

Here's a good starting point -- a side-by-side comparison of all four claybodies dipped in our Classic Clear..  

This is a clear, glossy coating that really allows the underlying claybody to show through. Fairly predictable results -- basically, a layer of clear glass has been melted over the surface of these clays, allowing their natural colors to shine through. 

If you add a bit of colorant materials or opacifiers to a clear glaze, you get a translucent glaze - and here at The Ceramic Shop, we carry plenty of these. Translucent glazes are kind of like the tinted windows of the glaze world - they cast a definite tone upon the clay that they are placed on, but that clay still shines through a bit, as well.  We have had customers who are rather surprised by just how much the underlying claybody can, indeed, affect a strongly-colored, yet translucent, glaze.  Here's an example, with our Cotton Candy:

Here, some visualization can help - say you are tasked with re-painting a room with very dark walls. If you are painting that room a significantly brighter color, you might really need a primer if you want you new shade to display its full brightness. To this end, I often suggest to people who work with darker claybodies to consider using a light-colored or white slip over the areas they might like to glaze in a bright color. And, sure, this sort of analogy makes sense when you think about the nature of translucent glazes. 

However, we also frequently have clients express their surprise at just how significantly claybody color affects opaque glazes. These are glazes that are completely solid and do not allow light to pass through; as such, it makes sense that you might think of them as less influenced by the color of the surface that they cover, right? The thing is, though, many reactions you see in a glaze surface are distinct chemical reactions that rely on the interaction of different materials -- and, for color response, this often means oxides. Red iron oxide, for example, is a very common -- and very powerful! -- material that can be found in many, many different clays and glazes. The dark stoneware that we used for these tests very likely contains this, for instance. 

When a glazed vessel goes through the firing process, it's not simply a matter of the glaze becoming fused to the clay's surface. A very small zone of mixing actually happens, where the interface between the two is a clay-glaze hybrid. This means that any oxides that the claybody might contain can indeed actually become physically enmeshed into the glaze -- and that, in turn, can alter the end-result color, even when the glaze is opaque. Here's an example with our very popular Tidal Pool glaze:

As you can see, this opaque blue-green glaze looks pretty much the same on whiter and lighter clays - but it looks completely different on the dark stoneware. The colorants that form the green/blue tones in the glaze have clearly been overpowered by the coloring oxides in the dark stoneware's claybody, resulting in a brown -- NOT green -- glaze. While we expected a degree of variation, this was one of those tests where the outcome was actually a bit more drastic than we thought it would be, which just goes to show the importance of testing your glazes whenever possible!

For a final example, I want to demonstrate just how much an underlying claybody can affect the look of an opaque, but lighter-colored, glaze. Most studios are outfitted with some sort of an opaque white glaze, and this tends to be a look that I use as my go-to. Here at The Ceramic Shop, we have a White Gloss and a White Matte, and both are unsurprisingly popular. Below, though, check out just how much a darker claybody can affect an opaque white glaze:

The first three examples are fairly predictable, but it's clear that the dark stoneware delivers significant effect to this particular glaze. For the record, these tiles were all fired in the same firing and photographed in the same light. I mention this because the change in the white matte when applied to a darker claybody is, indeed, remarkable. 

If you use or are thinking about using our Cone 6 professional glazes, you'll be happy to know we have been working hard to compile user resources on our website -- and we have many more tile comparison charts, featuring your favorite Ceramic Shop glazes. We will be adding to this until it's done! You can check out our application and firing suggestions here.

If you have used The Ceramic Shop's Cone 6 Professional Glazes and have some tips, tricks, or results you would like to share, we'd love to hear from you! We welcome comments here on the blog and we love to post customer work on our Facebook page.